Medieval Memoria Online

Search Database

General information on the memorial object

Name and ID

Enter the name used for the object of your search. This field allows you to search for a unique object, e.g. ‘Floor slab of Melle Clant’, but you may also use it to enter a generic name. For instance, entering 'Crucifixion with devotional portraits' will retrieve all such objects.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

If the MeMO identification number of a specific memorial object that you are looking for is already known to you, enter it here.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another MeMO memorial object ID. Click the minus icon to remove a selected MeMO memorial object ID. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Category

Select a type of object, such as memorial item or tomb monument, to restrict your search to all objects of this type.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Select a type of memorial object to restrict your search to only objects of this type, such as single piece (painting), triptych, tomb slab or floor slab. If you wish to find monuments or slabs with effigies, cadavers (transis) or brasses, you are advised to use Full text search (see also Using the database, section 3.7). Note that a memorial tablet can also be a remnant of a single piece (sculpture). See also Objects, section 4.1.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another classification. Click the minus icon to remove a selected classification. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Original institution

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to objects whose original institution is known.

Click the question mark to close this help text.

Enter the Dutch name of the religious or ecclesiastical community/institution if you wish to find objects that were probably originally placed here. Alternative names are also provided for, such as St. Maartenskerk (Domkerk). When entering ‘Sint’ before a name, abbreviate to ‘St.’.

If the original institution is your point of departure, you are advised to use the Institutions database, since it has specified search options concerning the original institution.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case there is no object known from this institution, but the database has connected this institution with a text carrier.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Enter the name of the city, town or village where the original institution was located.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case there is no object known from an institution from this settlement, but the database has connected this settlement with a text carrier from an institution in this settlement.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

This field allows you to search for memorial objects from specific types of religious or ecclesiastical communities/institutions, according to the following classification:
  • Chapel
  • Chapter (collegiate church)
  • Corporation (e.g. confraternity, guild)
  • Monastery, convent or religious house
  • Hospital or orphanage
  • Parish

Note that parish churches that also contained a chapter may be listed under chapter. See also Institutions, section 6.1.

If the original institution is the point of departure of your search, you are advised to use the Institutions database, since it has specified search options concerning the original institution.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Holding institution

Enter the name of the holding institution if you wish to find objects that are being kept in that institution.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case there is no object known from this holding institution, but the database has connected this holding institution with a text carrier from this institution.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Enter the name of the city, town or village where the holding institution was located.

Location (according to current geography)

Date

Entering a specific year or period allows you to restrict your search to object(s) (or parts of an object) that were dated in that year (e.g. 1517) or period (e.g. 1510-1520). You may use > and < to restrict your search to objects that were created after or before the entered date, for instance ‘>1430’ to search for objects that were created after 1430. It is also possible to approximate the date by adding ‘ca.’ Note that ca. must not be followed by a space, but directly by the year, e.g. ‘ca.1517’. If the date of creation is unknown the date of death is used, but note that the date of death can differ considerably from the date of creation.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another year or period. Click the minus icon to remove a selected year or period. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Physical description

To restrict your search to objects that have undergone alterations, select the changes you are looking for, for instance in the object’s inscriptions, effigies, or persons portrayed. Damage is not taken into account. See also Purpose and intended users, section 2.4.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of alteration. Click the minus icon to remove a selected alteration. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Selecting a type of examination or technical research will restrict your search to objects that underwent such examinations. See also Purpose and intended users, section 2.4.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of examination or technical research. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of examination or technical research. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to find objects that underwent any known procedures to conserve them. See also Purpose and intended users, section 2.4.

Click the question mark to close this help text.

Function

If you are searching for memorial items with a historical, liturgical/religious, political or social function, indicate that function here to restrict your search. Note that this search field concerns the object’s intended functions. See also The commemoration of the dead, sections 1.3 and 1.4, and Purpose and intended users, section 2.4.

Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of function. Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of function. Click the question mark to close this help text.

If you are searching for tomb monuments, tomb slabs or floor slabs with an added (e.g. political or social) function, indicate that function here to restrict your search. See also The commemoration of the dead, sections 1.3 and 1.4, and Purpose and intended users, section 2.4.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of function. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of function. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Commemorated party

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to objects whose commemorated party is known.

Click the question mark to close this help text.

This field allows you to restrict your search to objects showing commemorated persons whose interrelation is known. Select the required relations, e.g. a married couple, or members of a religious order. See also Objects, section 4.1 (Relation between the commemorated persons).

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of relation. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of relation. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Person

Enter the name (or letters from a name) of a person if you wish to find objects of which that person was part of the commemorated party.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case the database contains no objects whose commemorated party is this person, but the database has connected this person with an object containing this person's portrait or heraldry, or an inscription mentioning this person.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Selecting the social status of the commemorated person allows you to restrict your search to persons of that standing only, e.g. people belonging to the aristocracy or nobility, the secular clergy, or a religious order.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of social standing. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of social standing. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search for persons belonging to a religious order, select a type of religious order, e.g. Benedictine, Cistercian, or Canons Regular. See also Institutions, section 6.1 (Monastery).

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of religious order. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of religious order. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search for persons belonging to the secular clergy, select a type of secular clergy, i.e. bishop, canon, or (parish or chantry) priest.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of clergy. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of clergy. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Commissioning party

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to objects whose commissioning party is known.

Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search to objects for which the nature of the relation between the commissioning and the commemorated parties is known, select the required relation, e.g. they were blood relations, or they are one and the same person. See also Objects, section 4.1. (Relation between the commissioning party and the commemorated party).

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of relation. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of relation. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Person

Enter the name (or letters from a name) of a person if you wish to find objects of which that person was part of the commissioning party.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case the database contains no objects that were commissioned by this person, but the database has connected this person with an object containing this person's portrait or heraldry, or an inscription mentioning this person.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Selecting the social status of the commissioning person allows you to restrict your search to persons of that standing only, e.g. a person belonging to the aristocracy or nobility, the secular clergy, or a religious order.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of social standing. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of social standing. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search to persons belonging to a religious order, select a type of religious order, e.g. Benedictine, Cistercian, or Canons Regular. See also Institutions, section 6.1 (Monastery).

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of religious order. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of religious order. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search to persons belonging to the secular clergy, select a type of secular clergy, i.e. bishop, canon, or (parish or chantry) priest.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of clergy. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of clergy. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Artist

To restrict your search to all objects made by a specific artist, enter the name of that individual or of the corporate body responsible for the design or production of the objects. You may enter the name of the artist, e.g. Lucas van Leyden, or a descriptive name connected to the object, e.g. ‘Master of the St Bartholomew Altarpiece’, ‘Jacob Corneliszn van Oostzanen - follower of’, or a descriptive name connected to a settlement, e.g. ‘Master of Delft’; or a more general term, e.g. Netherlandish. Note that entering the artist’s name will yield the most results, which will include ‘follower of’, ‘workshop of’, etc.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Click the plus icon if you wish to add another artist. Click the minus icon to remove a selected artist. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Specified information

Portrait

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to memorial objects that contain portraits of the commemorated person(s).

Click the question mark to close this help text.

Select ‘alive’ or ‘deceased’ to restrict your search to memorial objects with portraits that depict the portrayed person as required. See also Objects, section 4.1 (Portrait).

Click the question mark to close this help text.

To restrict your search to memorial objects with portraits that depict the portrayed person in specified types of clothing, select the required clothing, e.g. armour, clothing of a member of a convent, clothing of a scholar, etc.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of clothing. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of clothing. Click the question mark to close this help text.

To restrict your search to memorial objects with portraits with insignia or other attributes that refer to a specific organisation, select the required type of attribute, e.g. pilgrims’ insignia or confraternity symbols. Confraternity symbols include the symbols of special orders of knighthood, such as those of the Order of the Golden Fleece and the Order of the Garter.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of attributes or insignia. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of attributes or insignia. Click the question mark to close this help text.

To restrict your search to memorial objects with portraits that depict the portrayed person in a certain posture, select the required posture, e.g. kneeling, recumbent, in half-figure, etc.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of posture. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of posture. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Person

Enter the name (or letters from a name) of a person if you wish to find objects with portraits that were identified as representing that person.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case there is no object with a portrait of this person, but the database has connected this person with an object containing this person’s heraldry or an inscription mentioning this person.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Selecting the social status of the portrayed person allows you to restrict your search to objects depicting persons of the required standing, e.g. a person belonging to the aristocracy or nobility, the secular clergy, or a religious order.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of social standing. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of social standing. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search for memorial objects with portraits of persons belonging to a religious order, select the required type of religious order, e.g. Benedictine, Cistercian, or Canons Regular. See also Institutions, section 6.1 (Monastery).

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of religious order. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of religious order. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search for memorial objects with portraits of persons belonging to the secular clergy, select the required type of secular clergy, i.e. bishop, canon, or (parish or chantry) priest.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of clergy. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of clergy. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Inscription

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to memorial objects that contain one or more inscriptions.

Click the question mark to close this help text.

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to memorial objects that contain the name of a person. Note that a person may be mentioned for one of two reasons: a) the person mentioned is the commemorated person; or b) the person mentioned is mentioned as a reference to the commemorated person, such as a spouse or an overlord. Note: selecting ‘no’ will yield objects with inscriptions without names. In some cases these objects also contain other inscriptions that do mention names.

Click the question mark to close this help text.

Person

Enter the name (or letters from a name) of a person if you wish to find objects mentioning that person.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case there is no inscription mentioning person, but the database has connected this person with an object containing this person’s portrait or heraldry.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Selecting the social status of a person mentioned in inscription allows you to restrict your search to objects with inscriptions on persons of the required standing, e.g. a person belonging to the aristocracy or nobility, the secular clergy, or a religious order.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of social standing. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of social standing. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search for persons mentioned in inscriptions belonging to a religious order, select the required type of religious order, e.g. Benedictine, Cistercian, or Canons Regular. See also Institutions, section 6.1 (Monastery).

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of religious order. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of religious order. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search for persons mentioned in inscriptions belonging to the secular clergy, select the required type of secular clergy, i.e. bishop, canon, or (parish or chantry) priest.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of clergy. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of clergy. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Heraldry

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to memorial objects containing heraldry of the commemorated person(s), e.g. coats of arms, motto. See also Objects, section 4.1. (Heraldry).

Click the question mark to close this help text.

To restrict your search to memorial objects containing a specific type of heraldry, select the required type, e.g. marshalled arms, personal use of family arms, or heraldry of religious orders.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of heraldry. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of heraldry. Click the question mark to close this help text.

To restrict your search to memorial objects containing heraldry with a specific shield shape, select the required shape or outline of the shield, e.g. high gothic shield, lozenge shield, or oval shield.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another shape of the shield type. Click the minus icon to remove a selected shape of the shield type. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Select ‘yes’ to restrict your search to memorial objects with heraldry containing a motto.

Click the question mark to close this help text.

Enter the name (or letters from a name) of a person if you wish to find objects with heraldry that was identified as belonging to that person.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case there is no object with heraldry belonging to this person, but the database has connected this person with an object containing this person’s portrait or an inscription mentioning this person.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Person

Enter the name (or letters from a name) of a person if you wish to find objects with heraldry that was identified as belonging to that person.

This field uses AJAX technology, which may help you find the names used in the database. Note that you may get no results even if the name you have entered pops up in the search field. In that case there is no object with heraldry belonging to this person, but the database has connected this person with an object containing this person’s portrait or an inscription mentioning this person.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another name. Click the minus icon to remove a selected name. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Selecting the social status of the commemorated person allows you to restrict your search to the heraldry of persons of that standing, e.g. a person belonging to the aristocracy or nobility, the secular clergy, or a religious order.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of social standing. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of social standing. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search for the heraldry of commemorated persons belonging to a religious order, select the required type of religious order, e.g. Benedictine, Cistercian, or Canons Regular. See also Institutions, section 6.1 (Monastery).

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of religious order. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of religious order. Click the question mark to close this help text.

For restricting your search for the heraldry of commemorated persons belonging to the secular clergy, select the required type of secular clergy, i.e. bishop, canon, or (parish or chantry) priest.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of clergy. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of clergy. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Saint

To restrict your search to memorial objects depicting a specific type of saint, select the required type of saint, e.g. a name saint, or the patron saint of a (religious) institution. See also Objects, section 4.1 (Patron saint).

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of saint. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of saint. Click the question mark to close this help text.

Decoration

To restrict your search to tomb monuments or floor slabs containing a specific type of decoration, select the required type(s) of decoration and ornament(s) depicted on the object, e.g. fruit or geometric patterns. If you wish to find objects with effigies or cadavers (transis), you are advised to use Full text search.

Click the plus icon if you wish to add another type of decoration. Click the minus icon to remove a selected type of decoration. Click the question mark to close this help text.